A 2025 deep-sea survey by National Geographic Pristine Seas has raised concerns over the low number of sharks and other top predators found in parts of Vanuatu’s offshore marine ecosystems.

The findings were presented during the official launch of the Guardians of the Tabu video, which highlights the work of chiefs, communities, government departments and Pristine Seas to protect marine areas.

The survey was conducted at the request of the Vanuatu Government, exploring deep waters between 500 and 1,000 metres below the surface.

Research was carried out in tabu marine areas in Torba Province, Wiawi Village on Malekula and Tongoa Island in the Shepherds Group.

Low Numbers of Sharks Raise Warning

National Geographic Pristine Seas scientist Ty Kindinger said the surveyed ecosystems supported a range of marine life, but researchers were concerned by the limited number of sharks and other top predators observed offshore.

“The ecosystems are really great out here, but we weren’t seeing a lot of top predators and sharks offshore. That was definitely a red flag and, for sure, a warning sign for the health of the oceans.”

She said the low numbers could be linked to bycatch, where sharks are unintentionally caught during fishing activities.

Sharks play an important role as top predators in marine food chains, helping maintain balance within ocean ecosystems.

Prime Minister Seeks Further Answers

Prime Minister Jotham Napat said the findings were a warning sign but also raised questions about what could have happened to the sharks.

“Have they been eaten? That is a question that you guys will need to confirm for us, because a lot of people have seen sharks while fishing. Even when I go trolling, I have seen a lot of big sharks, so we need to establish the facts.”

Acting Director of the Department of Ocean and Maritime Affairs, Tony Tevi, said illegal fishing could be one possible factor, although this had not yet been proven.

He said the department would work with the Fisheries Department and other relevant stakeholders to investigate the concerns.

“We are now going to work with the Fisheries Department and all stakeholders. The evidence is clear that traditional governance is very effective. Chiefs are calling on the Government for help, so the Government must wake up and realise that.”

Working Together to Protect Marine Areas

The video launch highlighted cooperation between chiefs, local communities, the Department of Ocean and Maritime Affairs, the Fisheries Department and National Geographic Pristine Seas.

Pristine Seas is a project of the National Geographic Society that focuses on exploring, documenting and helping protect the world’s wild places and marine life.